Killing, kidnapping, rape and displacement increases dramatically across the Kivus, Oxfam warns
Millions of people in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo are now at the mercy of militias as the country's long-running conflict descends into widespread lawlessness with killing, kidnapping and abuse against the population at alarming levels, international agency Oxfam today.
Local organizations Oxfam works with are reporting a steep increase in forced child recruitment, killing, looting and rape across the two eastern provinces of North and South Kivu due to a security vacuum and a proliferation of armed groups.
“Massacres go virtually unnoticed”
Rebel groups have taken control of vast swathes of the east, Oxfam said today, leaving a terrifying absence of state authority and security. Close to half a million people have fled their homes in the past four months and a humanitarian crisis has descended into “catastrophe”.
As regional leaders meet in Kampala, Uganda to seek a resolution to the conflict at the International Conference of the Great Lakes Region on 7 and 8 August, Oxfam says that protection of civilians and a resolution to the regional dimensions of the conflict must be top of the agenda.
“We have reached a new depth of misery in Congo’s conflict when massacres go virtually unnoticed,” said Oxfam’s Associate Country Director Elodie Martel. “Vast swathes of the east have descended into chaos with no government or security presence. People have been abandoned to killing, rape, looting and extortion. They are fleeing for their lives and very little is being done to help.”
Cholera is a real risk
A mutiny within the Government Army in April triggered a new rebellion, M23, in the east and prompted a government offensive around the town of Rutshuru in North Kivu. The focus on M23 has pulled security forces from other fragile areas of the east, leaving opportunistic militia groups battling for control of villages and towns.
Hundreds of people have been killed in attacks against villages in South Kivu, houses burnt and people kidnapped according to local and UN reports. One village in Lubero, North Kivu, has been under control of a notorious rebel group since May with no police, army or government presence. Forced labor is widespread, with a US $10 fine for non-cooperation; people face abduction if they denounce abuse according to local groups Oxfam works with.
The humanitarian consequences of the conflict are huge, Oxfam said. Cholera is a real risk in displacement camps surrounding Goma and across many areas of the east, while insecurity is making aid delivery to remote and conflict-affected areas extremely difficult. Since January more than 20,000 cases of cholera and 481 deaths have been reported across the country.
Afraid to farm or trade
Movement of people is chaotic, with thousands fleeing on a daily basis, sometimes returning home, hiding for weeks in the forest, staying with neighbors of friends or setting up makeshift shelters in camps. The highly unpredictable conflict means areas are frequently changing hands with rebels and government troops accused of looting homes and harvesting people’s fields as they move from one offensive to the next.
It is the crucial harvest season but people are too afraid to go to their fields to farm or are displaced far from home and unable to gather their crops say local organizations Oxfam partners with. A whole host of rebel groups are stealing crops or enforcing illegal taxes if farmers try to transport their goods to market. In Rutshuru people are being charged US $300 for a truck to pass points along the main road and US $50 for smaller vans, putting a massive illegal tax on traders and farmers, while shopkeepers in Rutshuru say they are too scared to keep their businesses open in case they are looted.
“The lack of action to stop massacres and abuses against Congolese people is appalling,” said Martel. “The United Nations, the Congolese government, regional governments, the international community – everyone needs to stop the catastrophe in Congo once and for all. We should no longer be calling this a forgotten war. The realities of torture, rebel rule and absolute terror should be etched on every politicians’ mind and top of their agenda.”
Related links
Blog: DRC: Trying to build security where fear prevails
Photos: Oxfam's work in eastern DRC
Notes to editors
- More than 400,000 people were displaced between the end of May and the end of July, with a further 54,000 people fleeing to Uganda and Rwanda since April, pushing the number of displaced people to more than two million – the highest number of internally displaced people in Congo since the end of 2009.
- Oxfam is working in Kibati camp, 7kms north of Goma, trucking water and doing public health promotion for an estimated 30,000 people who have fled renewed fighting in North Kivu. We are working in the conflict-affected area of Mweso providing water and protection support to 47,000 people and food security programs to 18,000. In Beni territory, our emergency food security, water, sanitation and protection programs are reaching more than 160,000 people. In Lubero, our water sanitation and protection programs assisting 66,000 people continue. In Rutshuru we plan to provide 40,000 people with water and sanitation support but these operations have been temporarily suspended due to insecurity.
- Figures for reported killings are difficult to verify but MONUSCO reported 98 civilians killed in 11 villages between 9 and 25 May across North Kivu. There was incident in June in remote areas of South Kivu where people were killed and huts were burned but the number of fatalities is unknown. In Shabunda and Kalehe territories in South Kivu, and in neighboring Masisi and Walikale territories in North kivu, reportedly more than 100 civilians were killed in recent months linked to increasing ethnic tensions between communities. In July, there were reports of people being killed for refusing to carry water for rebels following clashes in Kiwanja town.
Contact information
For more information, photos or to organize an interview contact:
- Anna Ridout in the UK on +44 (0)7766 443506
- Marie Cacace in Congo on +243 (0)813878777
- More than 400,000 people were displaced between the end of May and the end of July, with a further 54,000 people fleeing to Uganda and Rwanda since April, pushing the number of displaced people to more than two million – the highest number of internally displaced people in Congo since the end of 2009.
- Oxfam is working in Kibati camp, 7kms north of Goma, trucking water and doing public health promotion for an estimated 30,000 people who have fled renewed fighting in North Kivu. We are working in the conflict-affected area of Mweso providing water and protection support to 47,000 people and food security programs to 18,000. In Beni territory, our emergency food security, water, sanitation and protection programs are reaching more than 160,000 people. In Lubero, our water sanitation and protection programs assisting 66,000 people continue. In Rutshuru we plan to provide 40,000 people with water and sanitation support but these operations have been temporarily suspended due to insecurity.
- Figures for reported killings are difficult to verify but MONUSCO reported 98 civilians killed in 11 villages between 9 and 25 May across North Kivu. There was incident in June in remote areas of South Kivu where people were killed and huts were burned but the number of fatalities is unknown. In Shabunda and Kalehe territories in South Kivu, and in neighboring Masisi and Walikale territories in North kivu, reportedly more than 100 civilians were killed in recent months linked to increasing ethnic tensions between communities. In July, there were reports of people being killed for refusing to carry water for rebels following clashes in Kiwanja town.
For more information, photos or to organize an interview contact:
- Anna Ridout in the UK on +44 (0)7766 443506
- Marie Cacace in Congo on +243 (0)813878777
